Difference between revisions of "Recital Arrays"
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Revision as of 14:47, 23 July 2010
Contents
- 1 Recital Arrays
- 1.1 An Overview of Arrays in Recital
- 1.2 How to Create a Static Array in Recital
- 1.3 How to Create an Associative Array in Recital
- 1.4 Accessing Elements in a Static Array
- 1.5 Accessing Elements in an Associative Array
- 1.6 Changing, Adding and Removing Elements From Arrays
- 1.7 Looping Through Arrays
- 1.8 Replacing Sections of an Array
- 1.9 Sorting an Array
- 1.10 Passing Arrays as Function Arguments
- 1.11 Miscellaneous Array Functions
- 1.12 Summary
Recital Arrays
An Overview of Arrays in Recital
How to Create a Static Array in Recital
Static Arrays
A static array is an ordered list of elements (variables) that is of a fixed size (number of elements). You declare a static array by specifying the number of elements when you declare a variable.
private tab[ 20 ] // declare a static array of 20 elements all initialized to False // iterate through the array (note the use of the alen( ) function to find the length of the array for i=1 to alen( tab ) // change each array element to hold a numeric value tab[ i ] = i endfor
You can initialize a static array with one statement.
// declare the array and init all elements to false declare tab[10, 10] // init all elements to zero tab = 0
You can create and initialize static arrays using static array initializers.
// simple one dimensional array with 2 elements private tab = { "Hello", "world" } // two-dimensional array of two rows with three columns in each row private tab2 = { { "Hello", 10, date() ], { "world", 20, date()+1 } } // create an array on the fly mytab = { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 }
You can view the contents of a static array using the echo or ? commands.
? tab
How to Create an Associative Array in Recital
An associative array (also known as a dynamic array) is a collection of key/value pairs where the key can be used to retrieve the value. Associative arrays are dynamic, meaning that elements can be added and removed dynamically.
private tab[] // note the use of [] to denote a dynamic array tab["name"] = "bill" tab["age"] = 25 tab["dob"] = date()
Associative arrays can be created and initialized in one statement using the array( ) function.
tab = array("name" => "bill", "age" => 25, ""dob" => date())
You can view the contents of an associative array using the echo or ? commands.
? tab
Accessing Elements in a Static Array
Accessing Elements in an Associative Array
Changing, Adding and Removing Elements From Arrays
- adel() - delete an element from an array
logical = adel(arrayname as character, element as numeric | row as numeric [, dimension as numeric])
Looping Through Arrays
The foreach...endfor command is used to iterate over each element in an array or member in an object or associative array.
foreach <array> as <value as variable> | <array> as <key variable> => <value as variable> <statements> endfor
The array must be the name of an existing array or object. The value is a reference to be loaded with the contents of each element or member in turn. Using the <key> => <value> syntax, the member names of an object or associative array can also be accessed.
Examples
// static array numbers = array(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10) foreach numbers as elem ? elem * elem endfor // associative array private myarray = array("Name" => "Recital", "Description" => "database") foreach myarray as key => value echo "key=" + key + " value=" + value + "\n" endfor
Replacing Sections of an Array
- acopy() - copy elements from one array to another
logical = acopy(fromarrayname as character, toarrayname as character [, fromstartelement as numeric [, elements as numeric [, tostartelement as numeric]]])
Sorting an Array
- asort() - sort the character elements of the specified array
logical = asort(arrayname as character [, startelement as numeric [, endelement as numeric [, reverse as numeric]]])
Passing Arrays as Function Arguments
Miscellaneous Array Functions
Converting a String Into an Array
- astore() - fill an array from a string with separate character elements and return the number of elements
numeric = astore(arrayname, string as character, separator as character)
- explode() - separate a character string into individual elements and return as an array
array = explode(separator as chatacter, string as character)
Converting an Array into a String
- astring() - return an array as a character string, with the elements separated by a comma or other specified character
character = astring(arrayname [, separator as character])
- implode() - return an array as a character string, with the elements separated by a specified character
character = implode(separator as character, arrayname)