Platforms supported
- Intel® / AMD™ 32 bit Linux
- Intel® / AMD™ 64 bit Linux
- HP PA-RISC HP-UX® 10.20 and above
- Sun® SPARC Solaris™ 8 and above
- HP Alpha OpenVMS 7.2-1 and above
- SCO® OpenServer 5.0.5 and above
- Sun® Intel® Solaris™ 10 and above
- IBM AIX® 4.3 and above
- HP Integrity OpenVMS 8.2-1 and above
- HP Intel® Itanium® HP-UX® 11.23 and above
- Mac OS X leopard 10.5 and above
Large File Support is available for Windows, Itanium HP-UX and Linux.
COPY DATABASE <name> TO <name> [ IF [ NOT ] EXISTS ]This command is used to copy an existing database to a new database. By default an error will be returned if the target database already exists. Specifying the optional IF NOT EXISTS keywords no error will be returned if the target database already exists. If the optional IF EXISTS keywords are specified and the target database already exists, then it will be removed before the copy. Both the databases must be closed before they can be copied.
This article looks at the range of client access mechanisms for Windows that can be used with the Recital C-ISAM Bridge and details bridge configuration and usage.
Overview
Just because the format of data is regarded as 'legacy' does not make that data in any way obsolete. Modern client interfaces can not only extend the life of long-term data, but also provide different ways to analyse and gain advantage from that data.
Recital Corporation provides a range of solutions to interface to Informix compliant C-ISAM data on Linux or UNIX from Windows clients.
.NET
Click image to display full size
Fig 1: Recital Mirage .NET application accessing the C-ISAM Demo table.
Recital offers two alternative ways to access C-ISAM data using Microsoft .NET:
The Recital .NET Data Provider is a managed Data Provider written in C# that provides full compatibility with the Microsoft SQLserver and OLE DB data providers that ship with the .NET framework. It is fully integrated with the Visual Studio .NET IDE supporting data binding and automatic code generation using the form designer. The Recital .NET Data Provider works in conjunction with the Recital Database Server for Linux or UNIX to access C-ISAM data.
Recital Mirage .NET is a complete solution for migrating, developing and deploying 4GL database applications. Recital Mirage .NET works in conjunction with the Recital Mirage .NET Application Server for Linux or UNIX to access C-ISAM data.
JDBC
Click image to display full size
Fig 2: Java™ Swing JTable accessing the C-ISAM Demo table via the Recital JDBC Driver.
The Recital JDBC Driver is an all Java Type 4 JDBC 3.0 Driver, allowing you to access C-ISAM data from Java applets and applications. The Recital JDBC Driver works in conjunction with the Recital Database Server for Linux or UNIX to access C-ISAM data.
ODBC
Click image to display full size
Fig 3: Microsoft® Office Excel 2003 Pivot Chart and Pivot Table accessing the C-ISAM Demo table via the Recital ODBC Driver.
The Recital ODBC Driver is an ODBC 3.0 Driver, allowing you to access C-ISAM data from your preferred ODBC based Windows applications. You can develop your own applications in languages such as C++ or Visual Basic, manipulate the data in a spreadsheet package or word processor document and design charts, graphs and reports. The Recital ODBC Driver works in conjunction with the Recital Database Server for Linux or UNIX to access C-ISAM data.
Configuring the Recital C-ISAM Bridge
Data access is achieved through a C-ISAM Bridge. This requires the creation of an empty Recital table that has the same structure as the C-ISAM file and of a RecitalC-ISAM Bridge file.
On Linux and UNIX, Recital Terminal Developer and the Recital Database Server come complete with an example C-ISAM data file, C-ISAM index and Recital C-ISAM bridge that can be used for testing and as a template for configuring your own C-ISAM bridges. The Recital Database Server also includes a bridge creation ini file.
Step 1:
Create a Recital table with the same structure as the C-ISAM file. The fields/columns in the structure file must exactly match the data type and length of those in the C-ISAM file. The Recital table will have one byte more in total record length due to the Recital record deletion marker.
To create the table, use the SQL CREATE TABLE command or the Recital Terminal Developer CREATE worksurface. The SQL CREATE TABLE command can be called directly:
SQLExecDirect: In: hstmt = 0x00761BE8, szSqlStr = "CREATE TABLE cisamdemo.str (DD Char(4) DESCRIPTION "Dd...", cbSqlStr = -3 Return: SQL_SUCCESS=0
or be included in a 4GL program:
// createtab.prg CREATE TABLE cisamdemo.str; (DD Char(4) DESCRIPTION "Dd",; CONFIRM Char(6) DESCRIPTION "Confirm",; PROCDATE Char(6) DESCRIPTION "Procdate",; CONTROL Char(5) DESCRIPTION "Control",; DOLLARS Decimal(13,2) DESCRIPTION "Dollars",; DEALER Char(5) DESCRIPTION "Dealer",; TERRITORY Char(2) DESCRIPTION "Territory",; WOREP Char(12) DESCRIPTION "Worep",; CURRTRAN Char(3) DESCRIPTION "Currtran",; TRADDATE Char(6) DESCRIPTION "Traddate",; CITY Char(10) DESCRIPTION "City",; ACCOUNT Char(11) DESCRIPTION "Account",; PRETRAN Char(2) DESCRIPTION "Pretran",; AFSREP Char(14) DESCRIPTION "Afsrep",; REPKEY Char(9) DESCRIPTION "Repkey",; BRANCH Char(3) DESCRIPTION "Branch",; WODEALER Char(5) DESCRIPTION "Wodealer",; BANKCODE Char(2) DESCRIPTION "Bankcode",; COMMRATE Decimal(6,4) DESCRIPTION "Commrate",; NEWREP Char(1) DESCRIPTION "Newrep",; SETTLE Char(1) DESCRIPTION "Settle",; POSTDATE Char(6) DESCRIPTION "Postdate") if file("cisamdemo.str") return .T. else return .F. endif // end of createtab.prg
Server-side 4GL programs can be called by all clients, e.g. from a Java class with a JDBC connection:
//--------------------------------- //-- create_str.java -- //--------------------------------- import java.sql.*; import java.io.*; import Recital.sql.*; public class create_str { public static void main(String argv[]) { try { new RecitalDriver(); String url = "jdbc:Recital:" + "SERVERNAME=cisamserver;" + "DIRECTORY=/usr/recital/data/southwind;" + "USERNAME=user;" + "PASSWORD=password"; Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "user", "pass"); Statement stmt = con.createStatement(); CallableStatement sp = con.prepareCall("{call createtab}"); boolean res = sp.execute(); String outParam = sp.getString(1); System.out.println("Returned "+outParam); sp.close(); con.close(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.flush(); System.err.flush(); DriverManager.println("Driver exception: " + e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } try { System.out.println("Press any key to continue..."); System.in.read(); } catch(IOException ie) { ; } } }
The table should be given a ‘.str’ file extension (rather than the default ‘.dbf’) to signify that this is a structure file only.
Please see the end of this article for information on matching Informix and Recital data types
Fig 4: Recital CREATE/MODIFY STRUCTURE worksurface for character mode table creation.
Step 2: Creating the Bridge File
If you have Recital installed on the server platform, the Bridge File can be created using the CREATE BRIDGE worksurface. The corresponding command to modify the bridge file is MODIFY BRIDGE <bridge file>. This is the cisamdemo.dbf bridge file in the CREATE/MODIFY BRIDGE WORKSURFACE:
> modify bridge cisamdemo.dbf
Fig 5: Recital CREATE BRIDGE/MODIFY BRIDGE worksurface for bridge creation.
For Recital Database Server clients, the Bridge File can be created using the Recital/SQL CREATE BRIDGE command:
Recital/SQL CREATE BRIDGE:
CREATE BRIDGE cisamdemo.dbf; TYPE "CISAM"; EXTERNAL "cisamdemo.dat"; METADATA "cisamdemo.str"; ALIAS "cisamdemo"
or:
CREATE BRIDGE cisamdemo.dbf; AS "type=CISAM;external=cisamdemo.dat;metadata=cisamdemo.str;alias=cisamdemo"
The examples above assume that the C-ISAM file, the bridge file and the Recital structure file are all in the current working directory. Full path information can be specified for the <externalname> and the <databasename>. For added flexibility, environment variables can be used to determine the path at the time the bridge is opened. Environment variables can be included for either or both the <externalname> and the <databasename>. A colon should be specified between the environment variable and the file name.
e.g.
CREATE BRIDGE cisamdemo.dbf; TYPE "CISAM"; EXTERNAL "DB_DATADIR:cisamdemo"; METADATA "DB_MIRAGE_PATH:cisamdemo.str"; ALIAS "cisamdemo"
Recital CREATE BRIDGE/MODIFY BRIDGE worksurface:
Fig 6: Recital CREATE BRIDGE/MODIFY BRIDGE worksurface - using environment variables.
Using the Bridge
The Bridge can now be used. To access the C-ISAM file, use the ‘alias’ specified in the Bridge definition.
SQL:
SELECT * FROM cisamdemo
Recital/4GL:
use cisamdemo
Indexes
The cisamdemo.dat file included in the Recital distributions for Linux and UNIX has three associated index keys in the cisamdemo.idx file:
Select area: 1 Database in use: cisamdemo Alias: cisamdemo Number of records: 4 Current record: 2 File Type: CISAM (C-ISAM) Master Index: [cisamdemo.idx key #1] Key: DD+CONFIRM+PROCDATE+CONTROL Type: Character Len: 21 (Unique) Index: [cisamdemo.idx key #2]
Key: DD+SUBSTR(CONFIRM,2,5)+TRADDATE+STR(DOLLARS,13,2) +CURRTRAN+ACCOUNT Type: Character Len: 42 Index: [cisamdemo.idx key #3] Key: DEALER+BRANCH+AFSREP+SUBSTR(PROCDATE,5,2) +SUBSTR(CONTROL,2,4) Type: Character Len: 28
The Recital C-ISAM bridge makes full use of the C-ISAM indexes. SQL SELECT statements with WHERE clauses are optimized based on any of the existing indexes when possible. The following ODBC SELECT call makes use of key #3 rather than sequentially searching through the data file.
SQLExecDirect: In: hstmt = 0x00761BE8, szSqlStr = "select * from cisamdemo where dealer+branch+afsrep=' 00161 595-7912", cbSqlStr = -3 Return: SQL_SUCCESS=0 Get Data All: "DD", "CONFIRM", "PROCDATE", "CONTROL", "DOLLARS", "DEALER", "TERRITORY", "WOREP", "CURRTRAN", "TRADDATE", "CITY", "ACCOUNT", "PRETRAN", "AFSREP", "REPKEY", "BRANCH", "WODEALER", "BANKCODE", "COMMRATE", "NEWREP", "SETTLE", "POSTDATE" "0159", " 15522", "930312", "13356", 4992.60, "00161", "19", "", "210", "930305", "", "70000100009", "", "595-7912", "930315791", "", "", "59", 0.0000, "1", "", "930315" 1 row fetched from 22 columns.
Using the Recital/4GL, the primary index is set as the master index when the bridge is first opened. Any secondary indexes can be selected using the SET ORDER TO <expN> command. The Recital/4GL SEEK or FIND commands and SEEK() function can be used to search in the current master index.
> SET ORDER TO 3 Master index: [cisamdemo.idx key #3] > SEEK “00161 595-7912”
Appendix 1: Data Types
Informix |
Recital |
Byte |
Numeric |
Char |
Character |
Character |
Character |
Date |
Date |
Datetime |
Character |
Decimal |
Numeric |
Double Precision |
Float |
Float |
Real |
16 Bit Integer |
Short |
Integer |
Numeric |
Interval |
Character |
32 Bit Long |
Integer |
Money |
Numeric |
Numeric |
Numeric |
Real |
Numeric |
Smallfloat |
Numeric |
Smallint |
Numeric |
Text |
Unsupported |
Varchar |
Character |
Appendix 2: C-ISAM RDD Error Messages
The following errors relate to the use of the Recital CISAM Replaceable Database Driver (RDD). They can be received as an ‘errno <expN>’ on Recital error messages:
ERRNO() |
Error Description |
100 |
Duplicate record |
101 |
File not open |
102 |
Invalid argument |
103 |
Invalid key description |
104 |
Out of file descriptors |
105 |
Invalid ISAM file format |
106 |
Exclusive lock required |
107 |
Record claimed by another user |
108 |
Key already exists |
109 |
Primary key may not be used |
110 |
Beginning or end of file reached |
111 |
No match was found |
112 |
There is no “current” established |
113 |
Entire file locked by another user |
114 |
File name too long |
115 |
Cannot create lock file |
116 |
Memory allocation request failed |
117 |
Bad custom collating |
118 |
Duplicate primary key allowed |
119 |
Invalid transaction identifier |
120 |
Exclusively locked in a transaction |
121 |
Internal error in journaling |
122 |
Object not locked |
- edit the .vmx file and add the following line
uuid.action = "keep"
- set the virtual machine to power off when vmware is stopped. Do not set this to "suspend" or it will not restart on the backup machine.
Recital 10 Express Edition Linux x86 Free Download.
Recital 10 introduces the free single-user developer edition called Recital Express that can be used to develop and test multi-user Recital, Recital Server and Recital Web applications. Once the applications are ready for deployment a commercial license must be purchased. Recital Express, Recital Server Express and Recital Web Express can be used unlicensed for non-commercial purposes only.What does this download include:
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Recital 10 A powerful scripting language with an embedded database used for developing desktop database applications on Linux and Unix. Recital has a high degree of compatibility with Microsoft FoxPRO enhanced with many additional enterprise class extensions. |
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Recital 10 Web A server-side scripting language with an embedded database for creating web 2.0 applications. Includes plugins for apache and IIS. Coming soon! Recital Web Framework, a comprehensive OO framework built on YUI for building RIA (Rich Internet Applications) in Recital Web. |
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Recital 10 Server A cross-platform SQL database and application server which includes client drivers for ODBC, JDBC and .NET enabling Recital data to be accessed client/server from Windows, Linux and Mac. |
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Recital 10 Replication A comprehensive replication product that addresses urgent data movement and synchronization needs to help support disaster recovery and business continuity for Recital applications. |
Recital 10 Quick Start:
Graphical Installation
Note: The installation must be run as root. For systems with a hidden root account, please use ’Run as Root’.
- Download the distribution file into a temporary directory
- Check that the distribution file has the execute permission set
- Run the distribution file
- Follow the on screen instructions:
- License agreement
- Select components
- Installation directory and shortcuts
- Linking to /usr/bin
- ODBC Installation type (Recital Server / Recital Client Drivers)
- Java Virtual Machine selection (Recital Server / Recital Client Drivers)
- TomCat Installation type (Recital Server / Recital Client Drivers)
- Apache Firecat Plugin Installation (Recital Web Developer)
- Replication Service Type (Recital Replication Server)
- Install license file
Text Installation
Note: The installation must be run as root. For systems with a hidden root account, please precede commands with ’sudo’.
- Download the distribution file into a temporary directory
- Check that the distribution file has the execute permission set
- Run the distribution file
- Follow the on screen instructions:
- License agreement
- Select components
- Installation directory and shortcuts
- Linking to /usr/bin
- ODBC Installation type (Recital Server / Recital Client Drivers)
- Java Virtual Machine selection (Recital Server / Recital Client Drivers)
- TomCat Installation type (Recital Server / Recital Client Drivers)
- Apache Firecat Plugin Installation (Recital Web Developer)
- Replication Service Type (Recital Replication Server)
- Install license file
When you start the loadbalancer.org appliance you will see the following:
Default login:
Username: root
Password: loadbalancer
Access to webclient from an external client is:
http://192.168.1.129:9080
http://192.168.1.129:9443
You can access the web administrator using the IP and ports described onscreen.
For the sri lanka porject we are looking for performance and the network diagram indicates we are happy to have the cluster on the same subnet as the rest of the network.
Direct routing is the fasted performance possible, it has the advantage over NAT that the Loadbalancer does not become a bottleneck for incoming and outgoing packets. With DR the loadbalancer simply examines incoming packets and the servers to route the packets directly back to the requesting user.
The web interfaceis the only way to fully configure the loadbalancer vm. The console tool lbwizard will get it initiallised and any further configurations can then be done via the webinterface.
Using lbwizard for the Sri lanka configuration follow these steps.
On the first Loadbalancer:
//Start
Is this unit part for a HA Pair?
YES
Have you already setup the Slave?
NO
Is this a one-armed configuration?
YES
Enter the IP Address for the interface eth0?
Enter IP address you wish to be assigned to the SLAVE loadbalancer.
Enter the netmask for interface eth0?
Enter netmask for the subnet.
Enter the Floating IP adrress?
Enter the IP address that will be IP assosiacted the the HA-pair of loadbalancers.
//Finish
On the 2nd loadbalancer VM, run the lbwizard.
//Start
Is this unit part of an HA-Pair?
YES
Have you already set up the Slave?
YES
What is the slave units UP address?
Enter the IP which you entered when configuring the other loadbalancer VM.
Is this a one-armed configuration?
YES
Enter the IP Address for the interface eth0?
Enter the IP that will be assigned to the MASTER loadbalancer
Enter the netmask for interface eth0?
Enter the subnet netmask.
Enter the Floating IP address?
Enter the IP address that will be IP assosiacted the the HA-pair of loadbalancers.
Enter the address of the default gateway?
Enter the deafult gateway for the subnet.
Enter the IP of the nameserver?
Enter the dns server.
Enter the port for the first Virtual server?
Enter 22 for ssh
Enter the IP address of the first real server?
Enter the real IP of the first appserver
//Finish
Now this is complete we need to go to the web admin interface to configure the 2nd Real Server. As the lbwizard program will only allow you to configure 1 real server.
Now login to the web admin using the default password:
username: loadbalancer
password: loadbalancer
Note: Connect to the IP you have now set for your master loadbalancer
Goto the edit configuration tab
Now click add a real server:
Enter a label
IP address of the server plus the port of the service i.e. 192.168.1.125:22
Edit Configuration -> Virtual Servers
persistancte -> NO
Scheduler-> LC
LC - Least-Connection: assign more jobs to real servers with
fewer active jobs.
Service to check -> custom1
Check port -> 22
Forwarding Method -> DR
Feedback Method -> Agent
Arp Problem when using DR
Every real server must be configured to respond to the VIP address as well as the RIP
address.
You can use iptables (netfilter) on the real server to re-direct incoming packets destined for the virtual
server IP address.
This is a simple case of adding the following command to your start up script (rc.local):
//replace 10.0.0.21 with the Virtual Server IP
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -d 10.0.0.21 -j REDIRECT
chkconfig iptables on
$ lsof | grep db.exe | grep accounts db.exe 16897 john 6uw REG 253,0 20012 3413872 /usr/recital100/qa/accounts.dbf db.exe 16897 john 7u REG 253,0 4176 3413885 /usr/recital100/qa/accounts.dbxIf you want to check for locks you can use lslk, for example;
$ lslk | grep db.exe | grep accounts db.exe 16897 253,0 3413872 20012 w 0 0 0 12319 0 /usr/recital100/qa/accounts.dbfIf you don't have lslk installed you can install it with one of the updaters, for example on redhat linux:
$ yum update lslk


I am a fan of the previous incarnation of the PlugComputer so I was excited to see that Marvell have unveiled a new PlugComputer dubbed imaginatively "PlugComputer 3.0."
PlugComputer 3.0 Features:
Smaller sleeker design,
More powerful CPU - 2gz Armanda 300 CPU,
120GB 1.8-inch SATA hard drive,
Wifi,
Bluetooth,
10/100/1000 wired Ethernet,
USB 2.0.
512MB of RAM
512MB of Flash memory
I for one would like to see an additional Ethernet port added to increase application flexibility, for some applications where you are using clustered plugs or even for routing, having multiple Ethernet ports is a must.
Even without multiple ethernet ports, these low power consumption devices really could have a place in SME environments, replacing large cumbersome legacy hardware with compact Linux plug servers.
More information about the PlugComputer can be found here